USE OF CONSERVATIVE PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT IN INDIVIDUALS WITH LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT INJURY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) has as its main function the dynamic stabilization of the tibiofemoral joint. Due to its biomechanics and anatomy, the LCL is located posterolaterally in relation to the knee and does not have a high incidence of injury compared to other ligaments. Thus, the conservative treatment of Physiotherapy becomes a great ally for the recovery of stability and return to activities of daily living without being subjected to the risks of surgery. Objective: Search the literature for studies on the effectiveness of conservative physical therapy treatment in the stability and functionality of the knee in LCL injuries in adolescent and adult patients. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review where searches were performed in Scielo, Pubmed and Science Direct databases published from 2011 to 2020 written in English; Spanish and Portuguese available in full free of charge. Complete and incomplete articles that addressed the conservative treatment of Physiotherapy in the recovery of joint stability of the knee and its counterparts were included. The exclusion criteria were given by letters to the editor, monographs and editorial samples. Results and Discussion: A total of 11 articles were selected, where only 6 met the established inclusion criteria. Studies show that in the treatment, functional exercise programs focused on the posterolateral region were implemented in order to work on strengthening, promoting analgesia and active movement of the affected limb. Aiming at improvements in knee instability and consequently the functionality of walking. There are still few studies in the literature regarding the role of physical therapy in the treatment of injuries to the lateral collateral ligament at any level. This knowledge is of great value to students and professionals in the field, as it is possible to contribute to the academic community and the development of more qualified professionals. Conclusion: Therefore, the conservative treatment of Physiotherapy promoted significant improvements that helped to restore the joint stability and functionality of these individuals, favoring the successful return to daily activities.