Uso de psicoestimulantes entre estudantes de Medicina: uma revisão integrativa de estudos transversais sobre seus efeitos na qualidade de vida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37951/2358-9868.2026v14i1.8590Palavras-chave:
Psicoestimulantes, Estudantes de Medicina, Qualidade de Vida, Saúde PúblicaResumo
Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o consumo de psicoestimulantes (PSE) por acadêmicos de Medicina e os seus efeitos na qualidade de vida e saúde mental. Fontes de dados: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com busca nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), Cochrane, Scopus e EMBASE, utilizando descritores MeSH combinados por operadores booleanos. Os critérios de inclusão contemplaram artigos originais, em inglês, que abordassem o consumo de PSE e desfechos de saúde em estudantes de medicina. Síntese dos dados: Foram selecionados 12 estudos transversais, totalizando uma amostra de 2.201 estudantes. A prevalência de uso de PSE variou entre 3,4% e 74,7%. Os principais achados indicaram a presença de efeitos adversos significativos, como ansiedade, depressão, insônia e palpitações. Quanto à qualidade do sono e níveis de estresse, os resultados apresentaram divergências estatísticas entre os estudos analisados, embora a motivação para o uso estivesse consistentemente ligada à alta demanda acadêmica. Conclusões: O uso de PSE é prevalente e motivado pela busca por desempenho, porém está associado a múltiplos impactos negativos na saúde física e emocional. São necessárias pesquisas longitudinais e randomizadas para embasar políticas de saúde pública e apoio psicopedagógico voltadas especificamente para a população acadêmica médica.
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